Differences between Qualitative and Quantitative Research

Differences mingled with qualitative and three-figure searchDIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATITVE investigate METHODSWhat is the difference between denary and qualitative look for? In a nutshell, quantitative query generates numerical data or information that can be converted into numbers. Qualitative explore on the other hand generates non-numerical data.Many times those that undertake a research project often find they are notaware of the differences between Qualitative Researchand Quantitative Research methods. Many mistakenly count the two terms can be used interchangeably.So what is the difference between Qualitative Research and Quantitative Research?Qualitative Research is primarily exploratory research. It is used to gain an understanding of underlying reasons, opinions, and motivations. It provides insights into the problem or eases to develop ideas or hypotheses for potential quantitative research. Qualitative Research is also used to uncover trends in thought and opinions, and dive deeper into the problem. Qualitative data collection methods vary use unstructured or semi-structured techniques. Some common methods include focus groups (group discussions), individual interviews, and participation/observations. The sample size is typically small, and respondents are selected to fulfill a given quota.Quantitative Research is used to quantify the problem by way of generating numerical data or data that can be transformed into usable statistics. It is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, bearings, and other defined variables and generalize results from a larger sample population. Quantitative Research uses mensural data to formulate facts and uncover patterns in research. Quantitative data collection methods are much more structured than Qualitative data collection methods. Quantitative data collection methods include various forms of surveys online surveys, paper surveys, mobile surveys and kiosk surveys, face-to-face inter views, telephone interviews, longitudinal studies, website interceptors, online polls, and systematic observations.Snap Survey Software is the ideal solution for a Quantitative Research tool where structured techniques such as large numbers of respondents and descriptive findings are required. Snap Survey Software has many robust features that will help your organization effectively gather and disassemble quantitative dataQuantitative vs. Qualitative Research MethodsThe similarities and differences between quantitative and qualitative research methods can be confusing. Here is a simplified explanation.In quantitative research, you generally end up with data reduced to numbers, which are analyzed using statistics. Frequently, quantitative research is used to support or expand a theory that already exists.In qualitative research, you usually dont end up with numbers. Instead, you will describe and analyze a phenomenon using words. Sometimes, qualitative research is used to develop ne w theory that didnt exist before.The first thing to do in any research project is conceive, clarify and write a research question. After composing the research question, you compose a research plan, which includes the research method or methods you think would be best in answering the question.Quantitative and Qualitative ResearchWhat is the difference between quantitative and qualitative research? In a nutshell, quantitative research generates numerical data or information that can be converted into numbers. Qualitative Research on the other hand generates non-numerical data.Only measurable data are being gathered and analyzed in quantitative research.Qualitative research focuses on gathering of mainly verbal data quite than measurements. Gathered information is then analyzed in an interpretative manner, subjective, impressionistic or even diagnostic.Heres a more detailed point-by-point comparison between the two types of research1. Goal or Aim of the ResearchQuantitative Researc h on the other hand focuses more in numerate and classifying features and constructing statistical models and figures to explain what is observed.QualitativeQuantitativeHypothesisBroadNarrowDescriptionWhole pictureFocusedType of ResearchExploratory determinate2. UsageQualitative Research is ideal for earlier phases of research projects while for the latter part of the research project, Quantitative Research is highly recommended. Quantitative Research provides the researcher a clearer picture of what to expect in his research compared to Qualitative Research.QualitativeQuantitativePhaseEarlyLate3. Data Gathering shaftThe researcher serves as the primary data gathering instrument in Qualitative Research. Here, the researcher employs various data-gathering strategies, depending upon the thrust or approach of his research. Examples of data-gathering strategies used in Qualitative Research are individual in-depth interviews, structured and non-structured interviews, focus groups, narr atives, content or documentary analysis, participant observation and archival research.On the other hand, Quantitative Research makes use of tools such as questionnaires, surveys, measurements and other equipment to collect numerical or measurable data.4. Type of DataThe presentation of data in a Qualitative Research is in the form of words (from interviews) and images (videos) or objects (such as artifacts). If you are conducting a Qualitative Research what will most likely wait in your discussion are figures in the form of graphs. However, if you are conducting a Quantitative Research, what will most likely appear in your discussion are tables containing data in the form of numbers and statistics.5. ApproachQualitative Research is primarily subjective in approach as it seeks to understand human behavior and reasons that govern such behavior. Researchers have the ladderency to become subjectively immersed in the subject matter in this type of research method.In Quantitative Resea rch, researchers tend to remain objectively separated from the subject matter. This is because Quantitative Research is objective in approach in the sense that it only seeks precise measurements and analysis of keister concepts to answer his enquiry.Determining Which Method Should Be UsedDebates have been ongoing, tackling which method is better than the other. The reason why this remains unresolved until now is that, each has its throw strengths and weaknesses which actually vary depending upon the topic the researcher wants to discuss. This then leads us to the question Which method should be used?If your study aims to find out the answer to an inquiry through numerical evidence, then you should make use of the Quantitative Research. However, if in your study you wish to explain further why this particular event happened, or why this particular phenomenon is the case, then you should make use of Qualitative Research.Some studies make use of both Quantitative and Qualitative Rese arch, letting the two balance each other. If your study aims to find out, for example, what the dominant human behavior is towards a particular object or event and at the same time aims to judge why this is the case, it is then ideal to make use of both methods.

Socio Cultural Factors In Child Development Education Essay

Socio Cultural Factors In Child Development Education EssayChildren are the future of any nation and mass have always strived for benefactoring them to reach the most of their potential in the life span. Todays sisterren have more complex needs which should be fulfilled for their right level of victimisation. In this work we will try to overview three well- sockn theories of nestling development and analyze the similarities and differences between them, as it is very topical to know already existing theories to evaluate properly modern approaches to shaver education and find show up the essence of interaction of cognitive, animal(prenominal) and emotional development of baberen to acknowledge the importance of knowing o their needs.Lev Vygotsky focused on the socio-cultural factors in child development which he considered the most valuable. He stated that most of knowledge which every child gets in the course of his development is provided by a wise and experienced tutor (mostly parent or teacher). The tutor provides the child with two communicative and nonverbal instructions which the child is meant to follow. And natural curiosity of the child economic aids him to do this. Vygotsky believed that higher mental processes in the individual have their origin in mixer processes.1Moreover Vygotsky maintained that that social pick outing had a tendency of preceding development. Vygotsky was sealed that learning was a necessary and universal aspect of the process of growth culturally organized, specifically human psychological function.2Also Vygotsky developed a system of higher mental functions. These functions are developed from the cultural tool, which are got by children unconsciously, in the process of getting the cultural, historical and other information through the verbal and nonverbal interaction with a tutor. In the process of development children learn how to use these cultural tools. Higher mental functions include caution, verbal per suasion and memory.It is interesting that among all the mental tools Lev Vygotsky considered language as the most specific and burning(prenominal) virtuoso. On the one hand it is a necessary mean to provide children with verbal instructions, while on the other hand it serves as an effective nub for intellectual adaptation of a child. Private speech fit in to Vygotsys theory helps children to make needed strategies to their activities3. Thus, language is nothing else, but a boost for call ining and understanding.Jean PiagetJean Piagets theory of child development is cognitive and is ground on the system of stages of cognitive development of a child. Following this system we may recognize much(prenominal) stages asSensorimotor stage (0 -2 years). At this stage children investigate the environment around them with the help of their sense. They also start learning how to prevail the things around them. For example, they get to know that if to throw an object it will fall and mak e some kind of noise. During this stage children ascertain that even if the object is not near them it still doesnt stop existing.Preoperational stage (2 7 years). This stage is mainly characterized by childrens inability to see things from the different point of view, but their own one they are very ego-centric. At this stage children learn how to use language to describe objects in the world.Concrete operational stage (7-11). During this stage children can already think logically and predict the sequence of their actions. They also can classify objects into several categories.Formal operational stage (11+ years). At this stage children may think abstractly and can plan their actions through hypothesis. Moreover they are deeply concerned about the future.The key innovation of the developmental theory of Jean Piaget is that record is dominant over nurture.4Out of his system of stages of cognitive development of children we see that the first stage is sensorimotor one. At this s tage the infants movements, physical and intellectual wishing precision and his activities and attention are dominated by external stimulation5Piaget underlines that the initial instincts including the influence of sight, taste, touch, and hearing- of people are the most powerful and it is they which make their personalities on the whole.Jean Piaget believes that children are no less intellectual than adults, but they think differently. From the very moment of birth of each child he has to do a lot of things to understand how people interact and how the whole world works, therefore we suppose that they are less mentally powerful. Indeed, children have more intricate mental capacity abilities than adults, so if to take this suggestion as a starting point it is possible to overestimate our methods of teaching and educating.Arnold GesellThe maturational theory of Arnold Gesell, which is characterized by biological perspective, is based on the belief that every child has a specific p lan or programme within his body as for his development. Gesell was convinced that heredity or nature has a primary influence on the development of a child.Gesell is known for establishing certain norms for children at every stage of their growth and developed the alleged(prenominal) gradients of growth. Among them we may find motor characteristics, personal hygiene, fears, emotional expression, scarper, school life, ethics, and philosophic outlook6.Gesell believed that the development of the child through either education or play should be spontaneous. He suggested that through the course of evolution children inherited some kind of code which prescribed their actions and needs, so if a parent wants to help his child o find his life path the most effective way would be to let the child choose it himself.The key similarity in the developmental theories of Jean Piaget and Arnold Gesell lies in their belief in the dominance of nature over nurture7. Both theorists also developed origi nal systems of measuring either the stages of child development or the indicators of their growth. Moreover it is needed to point out that all the three theories are promoting effective interaction of tutors and children in the process of their development although according to each of the theories their work is differently directed.Unlike Vygotskys thought that social learning should obviously precede the development Piaget considered that learning was less important thing in the child development the main influence instead he saw in nature. Also it is necessary to mention that Vygotsky paid much more attention to the socio-cultural factors in child development than other theorists8. Although the theories of Gesell and Piaget are alike in umteen aspects, the difference is that Piaget underlined the major influence of sensorimotor stage on child development while Gesell believed much in heredity, i.e. Piaget maintained that the child cannot enter the next stage until he fulfills t he previous one, while Gesell was sure that child would be whom he ought to be due to the biological scheme within his body.Analyzing the theories of child development makes us ponder over importance of effective interaction of cognitive, physical and emotional interaction in the process of development of children. In the matter of fact unless all these aspects are properly accomplished the child has fewer chances to realize him or her in life as it is needed. Cognitive development refers to memory, concentration, attention and imagination9. It helps children to do well at school, dream, pretend what they will be in future, model different life situations, understand and use symbols, count and even write compositions. On the whole cognitive development is necessary for a child to solve their problems at every stage of their development. Proper physical development is responsible for childrens coordination, motor abilities and other physical skills. Emotional development helps childr en to possess such traits as self-regulation, self-sufficiency, self-concept and proper self-esteem10. If only the previous aspects of development are in proper level child has chances to make a positive and ruddy self-image. The main point is that poor physical development may influence badly the level of attention or even memory of a child which would certainly lead to problems at school and thus to under-self-estimation. And vice versa if a child is poorly developed emotionally he may be passive voice and ignorant which will lead to poor physical and cognitive development11. Therefore interaction of physical, emotional and cognitive development is of primary importance both for tutors and children.Evidently knowing the principles of forming of the childs personality is of great importance both for parents, teachers and psychologists. Unless we know the needs of the child or an adolescent at the particularly stage of his development we will hardly be able to help him. Knowing the key milestones of the development at childs age group it is possible to evaluate his or her physical, cognitive and emotional development and find the best way fro every concrete child to improve each aspect. It is far more important nowadays, when children have entry to the media, computers and Internet and can themselves find all the answers(as it seems to them) to their questions, so they seldom ask their tutors how to solve their problems instead they make decisions by themselves, often no the most presumable ones. In such situations it is particularly valuable to be aware of the peculiarities of development of children at this age and what problems most of them usually face. It goes without saying that knowing norms of children and adolescents will help to find adequate advice to promote children to reach their potential in life.All the three theories of child development proved to be reasonable and useful. We found out that Lev Vygotskys theory was based primarily on socio -cultural factors of development. The theorist believed that learning preceded development and that made the main difference between his theory and the theory of Jean Piaget who was sure that the childs potential depended on the development of his senses and instincts first of all. Another prominent theorist Arnold Gesell was sure that nature dominated over nurture too and his key concept was that heredity was absolutely responsible for the development of particular child. Gesell and Piaget even developed their own systems of evaluating of either the stages of child development or the indicators of their growth. Although the theories differ in many aspects, every of them is directed on effective interaction between tutors and children and that is the key value of every of them. It is important to be able to realize the needs of children and adolescents to help them in reaching their potential. In this process it is necessary to each a well-organized interaction between cognitive, ph ysical and emotional development of children.

Writing a Personal Narrative :: Personal Reflection

A narrative is a story. In writing a narrative essay, you share with the reader some(prenominal) personalized experience of your own in order to make a point or convey a message. You may choose to tell how your grandfather influenced your zest to become an orthodontist, or perhaps youll relate the story of the time you didnt make the cut for the basketball team. Whatever story you tell, your purpose is to share with others some experience that has taught you something or changed you somehow.Remember that narration is more than just description. Your essay should be descriptive, but it should also emphasize the significance of a particular event, object, or person.There are several components of an incumbranceive narrative. The following are some things to keep in mind when writing your essayFocus Narrative effect is the primary(prenominal) point of your storythe moral, the message, the insight you offer. Without a specific narrative effect, your essay is merely a series of uncon nected events. If you are unsure what your main point is, you might ask yourself, Why am I telling this story? Why should someone else be interested in reading round my experience? In addition, you must decide whether to reveal your point explicitly (stated directly) or implicitly (suggested but not stated).DevelopmentDetails add learning and color to your narrative. If your essay consists merely of dry facts, readers quickly grow uninterested. You can describe things through the methods of scene and heavyset. In the scene method, use very detailed, redolent(p) description to immerse the reader in the situation or place you describe. Your goal is to make the scene come alive for the reader. Usually narratives are base on one or two key scenes. Reserve in-depth detail for these key scenes, and fill in the rest of the story using the method of summary (giving a brief synopsis of events).Organization and CoherenceThe narrative consists of three basic parts The orientation, at the beginning of the essay, establishes thesetting, characters, and other essential elements of the story. The complication involves wage hike conflictthat leads up to the climax (the point of highest action in the story). Then, in the resolution, the conflict isresolved and the narrative effect is revealed or suggested.Your narrative also of necessity a time structure. You must decide whether chronological time or psychologicaltime best suits your story. In chronological time, events are described in the order in which they

Shakespeares Hamlet Essay: Comparison of Gertrude and Ophelia :: comparison compare contrast essays

Comparison of Gertrude and Ophelia within Hamlet Shakespeargon developed 126 female characters in his dramas. In his tragedy Hamlet at that place are Ophelia and Gertrude. This essay will explore the similarities or commonality of these two characters. One obvious feature which both Ophelia and Gertrude have in common is that they are both recipients of Hamlets ill-will. T.S. Elliot in his essay, Hamlet and His Problems explains how Gertrude is the object of the protagonists disgust Hamlet is up against the difficulty that his disgust is occasioned by his mother, still that his mother is not an adequate equivalent for it his disgust envelops and exceeds her. (25) L.C. Knight in An Approach to Hamlet, agreeing with T. S. Eliot, comments on the obsessive passion which the prince exercises in his chastisement of Gertrude I am of course aware that what Hamlet says to his mother in the Closet scene may be regarded as part of a necessary and proper go about to break the alliance between her and the smiling murderer but through it all runs the impure streak of the indulgence of an obsessive passion.. . . If with genuine, even with passionate, concern, you want to abet someone in great need, someone in desperate ignorance of his true condition, do you, I wonder, say, This is what you are see how ugly you look? Well, perhaps you may but certainly not in such a way that you seem about to make an aggressive attack. (70) In similar fashion, Ophelia is verbally ill-treated by the poor boy and this episode is elaborated on in detail later. In the Introduction to Twentieth Century Interpretations of Hamlet, David Bevington enlightens the reader regarding the similarities between Gertrude and Ophelia as the hero sees them Yet to Hamlet, Ophelia is no better than another Gertrude both are tender of heart but submissive to the will of importunate men, and so are pressure into uncharacteristic vices. Both would be other than what they are, and both receive Hamlets exhortations to begin repentance by abstaining from pleasure. Get thee to a nunnery Assume a virtue if you have it not. (9) As Bevington says, both Gertrude and Ophelia are tender of heart, motivated by love and a desire for quiet familial harmony among the members of their complaisant society in Elsinore. At the first social function in the play, Gertrude is motivated out of love for her son to advise

J.B. Religion Essay -- essays papers

J.B. Religion At the end of Baldwins 1952 novel Go Tell It on the Mountain, John Grimes, the young protagonist, has an epiphany or what is more commonly referred to as a visionary conversion experience, a staple of American religious life. He embraces Jesus and endures a state of rapturous mysticism in which he experiences his drifting soul ... anchored in the love of God (204). Johns rebirth in Christ, his being saved, is an affirmation of one of the strongest bulwarks in the African American lodge during slavery, and especially since its abolition the black church. (2) Baldwin has said that everything in Black history comes out of the church. It is not a redemptive force that a bridge across troubled water, Kalamu ya Salaam interviewing Baldwin responded. It is how we forged our identity (Pratt and Stanley 182). The church is the African Americans inheritance. Black writers and the characters they create are not so good divested of it, nor should they be. Though John Grimes s commitment to Christ is representative of black assimilation into American (white) culture, this adoption of Christian beliefs not only helped the community forge a stronger connection to their country and society, but it overly enabled slaves and then emancipated Africans to shore up their sense of self-worth and value. African American literature, according to Abena P. A. Busia, has therefore become a drive for self-definition and redefinition, and any discussion of this drive must recognize this, its proper context We are speaking from a state of siege (2). John Grimess trip over the course of Go Tell It on the Mountain mirrors this movement from imprisonment to freedom, from a vague sense of self to a greater consciousn... ... dilemma of his protagonist, but also exposing the moral raiseations of the institutional pillars in the black community (Bell 224). While criticism of the churchs role in supporting subtle racism is justified, it is also true that John cleverly util izes the rich resources of the church that were available to him. Would he be better off following Roy into the streets? Or Royal, Gabriels first son, who also found his way into the streets and the reendured a violent death? John wanted to be with these boys in the street, heedless and thoughtless, wearing out his treacherous and bewildering body (30). He recognizes, however, steady in the semi-transparent consciousness of a man-child, that he is being forced to make so cruel a choice (40) between the ways of the world, which in his community can too often lead to violence and self-destruction, and the ways of God.

Is Spreading Democracy in the U.S. National Interest? Essay -- U.S. Go

The Truman Doctrine established a form _or_ system of establishment of containment against communist governments. volume believed the spread of communism would overthrow the democratic ideals our country believed in and followed. After the policy of containment died down, a new policy of spreading state emerged. This new policy has both good and ill effects on the helped nations and our own. In 2011, there were 115 electoral democracies, representing nearly sixty percent of the worlds government were democratic. In 1989, just 41 percent of all governments were democratic (Current Issues, 2011-12, p. 168). So, is spreading majority rule in the U.S. national interest? Or should our nation employ a more hands-off approach?The textbook defines republic as a system of government in which the people rule rule by the many. A core belief of Democracy is that ordinary people want to rule and are capable of governing themselves (Greenberg & Page, 2011, p.4). The textbook states that polit ical thinkers attribute several components of democracy to its widespread appeal. First, democracy is considered to protect human rights the best because it is founded on the recognition of the intrinsic worth and equality of human beings. Second, democracies are the most likely to take on rational policies because it can count on pooled knowledge with which to make the decision. Third, democracies are long-lasting and more stable because their leaders are elected and answerable to voters. Fourth, democracy is considered to be the best government for economic growth and material well-being. Finally, democracy lets its citizens be free, which causes a state of mind allowing them to best develop their talents and skills. (Greenberg & Page, 2011, p.4).As stated, Democracy is ... ...ates Should Spread Democracy. Mar. 1998. Web. 1 Dec. 2011. .Greenberg, Edward S., and Benjamin I. Page. The Struggle for Democracy. 10th ed. Boston Longman, 2011. Print.Democracy and Human Rights. Current Issues. Ed. Joe Geraghty. 35th ed. Alexandria Close Up, 2011. 168-81. Print.Lagon, Mark P. Promoting Democracy The Whys and Hows for the United States and the external Community. Rep. Council on Foreign Relations, Feb. 2011. Web. 2 Dec. 2011. .Coyne, Christopher J., and Tamara Coffman Witte. Can We Export Democracy? Rep. CATO Institute, Jan.-Feb. 2008. Web. 2 Dec. 2011. .

Classifying Three NFL Teams According To Attitude :: essays research papers

Classifying Three NFL Teams According to AttitudeThe National Football coalition was formed decades ago by the merger of two national leagues. The Super Bowl is the traditional season-end activity that crowns the national champion. Each squad represented starts with genius of the original leagues.The number of teams active in the NFL does not remain the same for longr.o. the game of professional football is big business and suffer be passing profitable. When the NFL announces that it has approved new expansion teams, there is intense competition among team less cities to attract one of the franchises. The game is profitable for team owners and for players, just now it as well as is profitable for the cities in which teams are centered. It contributes to the local economy and enhances the stature of the city in where a team is located.Of course teams and their organizations are made up of individuals, but the teams themselves tend to settle into characteristics of their own. O nce established in reputation, the team flowerpot remain with it for years regardless of the changes that occur within and around it. Example stop be seen in any NFL team. The Tampa Bay Buccaneers are technically sound playing but very bad results. The team has been winning with much greater frequency in recent years, but it can expect to maintain the loser perception for years to come.As teams take on their its own personality. nearly of NFL teams relies rely on assessment of the number of games won compared to the number lost during a season or over a number of years. Teams also can be classified according to that personality, or at least according to the personality perceived by fans and the press. With the classification of good, average and bad. The Tennessee Titans will be utilise to show the good team the Minnesota Vikings will represent the average and the Dallas Cowboys will fill the role of bad.The Tennessee TitansThe Titans provide a good example of how teams can chan ge the perceptions that have built around them over the years. In the case of the Titans, the change was effected by moving to a new state, changing the team name, replacing personnel and replacing the coaching staff. The Titans hardly have the same team at all, but they formerly were the Houston Oilers. You should keep in mind that as the Oilers, the team had posted so many consecutive losing seasons that it had managed to destroy the reputation built during the winning years.