How to Find the Mean of a Set of Numbers Formula and Examples

How to Find the Mean of a Set of Numbers Formula and Examples SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Are you taking the SAT or ACT and want to make sure you know how to work with data sets? Or maybe you’re looking to refresh your memory for a high school or college math class. Whatever the case, it’s important you know how to find the mean of a data set. We'll explain what the mean is used for in math, how to calculate the mean, and what problems about the mean can look like. What Is a Mean and What Is It Used For? The mean, or arithmetic mean, is the average value of a set of numbers. More specifically, it's the measure of a "central" or typical tendency in a given set of data. Mean- often simply called the "average"- is a term used in statistics and data analysis. In addition, it's not unusual to hear the words "mean" or "average" used with the terms "mode," "median," and "range," which are other methods of calculating the patterns and common values in data sets. Briefly, here are the definitions of these terms: Mode- the value that appears most frequently in a data set Median- the middle value of a data set (when arranged from lowest value to highest) Range- the difference between the highest and smallest values in a data set So what is the purpose of the mean exactly? If you have a data set with a wide range of numbers, knowing the mean can give you a general sense of how these numbers could essentially be put together into a single representative value. For example, if you’re a high school student getting ready to take the SAT, you might be interested to know the current mean SAT score. Knowing the mean score gives you a rough idea of how most students taking the SAT tend to score on it. How to Find the Mean: Overview To find the arithmetic mean of a data set, all you need to do is add up all the numbers in the data set and then divide the sum by the total number of values. Let’s look at an example. Say you’re given the following set of data: $$6, 10, 3, 27, 19, 2, 5, 14$$ To find the mean, you’ll first need to add up all the values in the data set like this: $$6 + 10 + 3 + 27 + 19 + 2 + 5 + 14$$ Note that you don’t need to rearrange the values here (though you may if you wish to) and can simply add them in the order in which they’ve been presented to you. Next, write down the sum of all the values: $$6 + 10 + 3 + 27 + 19 + 2 + 5 + 14 = \bo86$$ The last step is to take this sum (86) and divide it by the number of values in the data set. Because there are eight different values (6, 10, 3, 27, 19, 2, 5, 14), we'll be dividing 86 by 8: $$86 / 8 = 10.75$$ The mean, or average, for this set of data is 10.75. How to Calculate a Mean: Practice Questions Now that you know how to find the average- in other words,how to calculate the mean of a given set of data- it’s time to test what you’ve learned. In this section, we'll give you four math questions that involve finding or using the mean. The first two questions are our own, whereas the second two are official SAT/ACT questions; as such, these two will require a little bit more thought. Scroll past the questions for the answers and answer explanations. Practice Question 1 Find the mean of the following set of numbers: 5, 26, 9, 14, 49, 31, 109, 5. Practice Question 2 You are given the following list of numbers: 4, 4, 2, , 6, $X$, 1, 3, 2. The arithmetic mean is 4. What is the value of $X$? Practice Question 3 The list of numbers 41, 35, 30, $X, Y$, 15 has a median of 25. The mode of the list of numbers is 15. To the nearest whole number, what is the mean of the list? 20 25 26 27 30 Source: 2018-19 Official ACT Practice Test Practice Question 4 At a primate reserve, the mean age of all the male primates is 15 years, and the mean age of all female primates is 19 years. Which of the following must be true about the mean age $m$ of the combined group of male and female primates at the primate reserve? $m = 17$ $m 17$ $m 17$ $15 m 19$ Source: The College Board How to Find the Average: Answers + Explanations Once you’vetried out the four practice questions above, it’s time to compare your answers and see whether you understand not just how to find the mean of data but also how to use what you know about the mean to more effectively approach any math questions that deal with averages. Here are the answers to the four practice questions above: Practice Question 1: 31 Practice Question 2: 3 Practice Question 3: C. 26 Practice Question 4: D. $15 m 19$ Keep reading to see the answer explanation for each question. Practice Question 1 Answer Explanation Find the mean of the following set of numbers: 5, 26, 9, 14, 49, 31, 109, 5. This is a straightforward question that simply asks you to calculate the arithmetic mean of a given data set. First, add up all the numbers in the data set (remember that you don’t need toarrangethem in order from lowest to highest- only do this if you’re trying to find the median): $$5 + 26 + 9 + 14 + 49 + 31 + 109 + 5 = \bo248$$ Next, take this sum and divide it by the number of values in the data set.Here, there are eight total values, so we'll divide 248 by 8: $$248 / 8 = 31$$ The mean and correct answer is 31. Practice Question 2 Answer Explanation You are given the following list of numbers: 4, 4, 2, , 6, $X$, 1, 3, 2. The arithmetic mean is 4. What is the value of $X$? For this question, you’re essentially working backward: you already know the mean and now must use this knowledge to help you solve for the missing value, $X$, in the data set. Recall that to find the mean, you add up all the numbers in a set and then divide the sum by the total number of values. Since we know the mean is 4, we’ll start by multiplying 4 by the number of values (there are nine separate numbers here, including $X$): $$4 * 9 = 36$$ This gives us the sum of the data set (36). Now, the question becomes an algebra problem, in which all we need to do is simplify and solve for $X$: $$4 + 4 + 2 + + 6 + X + 1 + 3 + 2 = 36$$ $$33 + X = 36$$ $$X = 3$$ The correct answer is 3. Practice makes perfect! Practice Question 3 Answer Explanation The list of numbers 41, 35, 30, $X, Y$, 15 has a median of 25. The mode of the list of numbers is 15. To the nearest whole number, what is the mean of the list? 20 25 26 27 30 This tricky-looking math problem comes from an official ACT practice test, so you can expect it to be a little less direct than your typical arithmetic mean problem. Here, we’re given a data set with two unknown values: 41, 35, 30, $X, Y$, 15 We’re also given two critical pieces of information: The mode is 15 The median is 25 To solve for the mean of this data set, we will need to use all the information we’ve been given and will also need to know what the mode and median are. As a reminder, the mode is the value that appears most frequently in a data set, while the median is the middle value in a data set (when all values have been arranged from lowest to highest). Since the mode is 15, this must mean that the value 15 appears at least twice in the data set (in other words, more times than any other value appears). As a result, we can say replace either $X$ or $Y$ with 15: $$41, 35, 30, X, 15, 15$$ We’re also told that the median is 25. To find the median, you must first rearrangethe data set in order from lowest value to highest value. Sincethe median is more than 15 but less than 30, we should put $\bi X$ between these two values. Here’s what we get when we rearrange our values from lowest to highest: $$15, 15, X, 30, 35, 41$$ There are six values in total, (including $X$) meaning that the median will be the number exactly halfway between the third and fourth values in the data set.In short,25 (the median) must come halfway between $X$ and 30. This means that $X$ must equal 20, since that would put it 5 away from 20 and 5 away from 30 (or halfway between the two values). We now have a complete data set with no unknown values: $$15, 15, 20, 30, 35, 41$$ All we have to do now is use these values to solve for the mean. Start by adding them all up: $$15 + 15 + 20 + 30 + 35 + 41 = 156$$ Finally, divide the sum by the number of values in the data set (that’s six): $$156 / 6 = 26$$ The correct answer is C. 26. Practice Question 4 Answer Explanation At a primate reserve, the mean age of all the male primates is 15 years, and the mean age of all female primates is 19 years. Which of the following must be true about the mean age $m$ of the combined group of male and female primates at the primate reserve? $m = 17$ $m 17$ $m 17$ $15 m 19$ This practice problem is an official SAT Math practice question from the College Board website. For this math question, you’re not expected to solve for the mean but must instead use what you know about two means to explain what the mean of the larger group could be. Specifically, we're being asked how we can use these two means to express, in algebraic terms, the mean age ($\bi m$) forbothmale and female primates. Here’s what we know: first, the mean age of all male primates is 15 years. Secondly, the mean age of all female primates is 19 years.This means that, in general,the female primates are older than the male primates. Since the mean age for male primates (15) is lower than that for female primates (19), we know that the mean age for both groups cannot logically exceed 19 years. Similarly, because the mean age for female primates is greater than that for male primates, we know that the mean age for both cannot logically fall below 15 years. We are therefore left with the understanding that the mean age for the male and female primates together must be greater than 15 years (the mean age of the males) but also less than 19 years (the mean age of the females). This rationale can be written as the following inequality: $$15 m 19$$ The correct answer is D. 15 $\bi m$ 19. What’s Next? Tolearn even more about data sets,look at our guide to the best strategies for mean, median, and mode on SAT Math. Taking the SAT or ACT soon? Then you'll definitely want to know what kind of math you're going to be tested on. Check out our in-depth guides to the SAT Math section and the ACT Math sectionto get started. What are the most important math formulas to know for the SAT and ACT?Get an overview of the 28 critical SAT formulas and the 31 critical ACT formulasyou should know.

Writing Prompts 101

Writing Prompts 101 Writing Prompts 101 Writing Prompts 101 By Simon Kewin Even if you are not a professional writer you probably already heard about writing prompts. They represent a very effective tool for any writing project, so its a good idea to know how to use them. What Is A Writing Prompt? If you’re a fiction writer, you may want to consider using writing prompts to kick-start your creativity. A writing prompt is simply a topic around which you start jotting down ideas. The prompt could be a single word, a short phrase, a complete paragraph or even a picture, with the idea being to give you something to focus upon as you write. You may stick very closely to the original prompt or you may wander off at a tangent. You may just come up with rough, disjointed notes or you may end up with something more polished and complete, a scene or even a complete story. The point is to simply start writing without being held back by any inhibitions or doubts. Here are four good reasons for writing to prompts : Sometimes it’s hard to start writing when faced with a blank page. Focusing on an unrelated prompt for a while helps get the creative juices flowing. If you write for just ten minutes on a prompt, you should then find it easier to return to the piece you intended to write. You may also find that if you stop trying to think so hard about what you wanted to write and switch you attention to the prompt instead, the words and ideas for your original piece start to come to you after all. The things you write in response to a prompt may also end up as worthwhile material in their own right. The prompt may give you ideas from which a complete story grows or you may get fresh ideas for another piece you are already working on. It’s often surprising how much material you come up with once you start. Writing to a prompt regularly helps to get you into the habit of writing. This can act as a sort of exercise regime, helping to build up your â€Å"muscles† so that you start to find it easier and easier to write for longer and longer. Prompts can be a great way to get involved in a writing community. Sometimes writing groups offer a prompt for everyone to write about, with the intention being for everyone to come up with something they can then share. This can be a source of great encouragement, although knowing that others will read what you have written can also inhibit your creativity. Examples of Writing Prompts The following are twenty writing prompts that you could use to spark your imagination. If you want to use one, don’t worry about where the ideas take you or whether what you’ve written is â€Å"good†. The point is just to get into the flow of writing. You can come back later and polish if you wish to. It was the first snowfall of the year. He hadn’t seen her since the day they left High School. The city burned, fire lighting up the night sky. Silk. She studied her face in the mirror. The smell of freshly-cut grass. They came back every year to lay flowers at the spot. The streets were deserted. Where was everyone? Where had they all gone? This time her boss had gone too far. Red eyes. Stars blazed in the night sky. He woke to birdsong. ‘Shh! Hear that?’ ‘I didn’t hear anything.’ He’d always hated speaking in public. She woke, shivering, in the dark of the night. The garden was overgrown now. He’d never noticed a door there before. She’d have to hitch a ride home. ‘I told him not to come back too!’ His feet were already numb. He should have listened. Where To Find Writing Prompts Online The internet is a wonderful source of writing prompts. There are sites dedicated to providing them which a quick search will turn up. Examples include : CreativeWritingPrompts.com WritersDigest.com Creative-Writing-Solutions.com Perhaps even more valuable are the lists compiled by authors and websites. Here are some suggestions: 200+ Writing Prompts to Inspire You There are numerous blogs that offer a regular writing prompt to inspire you and where you can, if you wish, post what you’ve written. Examples include : SundayScribblings.blogspot.com DragonWritingPrompts.blogspot.com There are also many other sites that can, inadvertently, provide a rich seam of material for writing prompts – for example news sites with their intriguing headlines or pictorial sites such as Flickr.com that give you access to a vast range of photographs that can prompt your writing. If you’re on Twitter, there are users you can follow to receive a stream of prompts, for example : twitter.com/writingprompt twitter.com/NoTelling twitter.com/writingink Another idea is just to keep an eye on all the tweets being written by people all over the world, some of which can, inadvertently, be used as writing prompts. How To Make Your Own Writing Prompts You can find ideas for writing prompts of your own from all sorts of places : snatches of overheard conversation, headlines, signs, words picked from a book and so on. Get used to keeping an eye out for words and phrases that fire your imagination, jot them down and use them as writing prompts to spark your creativity. You never know where they might take you. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Writing Basics category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Incorrect Pronunciations That You Should AvoidHow to Punctuate with â€Å"However†Capitalizing Titles of People and Groups

Answer the following questions#2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Answer the following questions#2 - Essay Example The model gives exact video guidelines that can be easier to understand for students, since they can see organs that are not seen during actual conversations, as these organs move inside the mouth. The model also provides examples of words for practice pronunciation, where learners can feel how these organs work together in providing a specific sound(s) for a specific letter. Phonetics_Focus/. It has many applications that help students learn the English language, such as the Phonemic Reader. It shows the actual sounds of the consonants and vowels. It can guide students in seeing each letter, not just physically, but also audio-visually, in a phonemic way. The application also offers several games, such as the Phonemic Pelmanism. It asks students to match the phonetic spelling with the real spelling. The game helps readers practice what they know about phonemics already. There are also plenty of mobile applications that help children learn sounds and letters. These applications test learning too, which provides automatic feedback and positive reinforcement once kids learn them. I can use them to help students reinforce learning in class by doing tasks that they can do at home at their own pace and time. Information gap tasks are done orally by asking learners to determine differences between pictures, ordering sentences in stories, and restoring missing portions of maps and charts. I can use this game to help learners think about the uses of words in context. The advantages of the task are contextual learning of language and interactive learning. The disadvantages are possible lack of writing reinforcement and some students with poor vocabulary will struggle with the tasks. An example of the task is making an appointment game. I can use this game to help young learners understand the concept of time and time management. The advantages of the task are helping students understand the meaning of words in actual settings and

How Attitudes Influence an Organization Research Paper

How Attitudes Influence an Organization - Research Paper Example The importance of the attitudes is no different in the corporate world as well. We can observe in the job advertisement placed by the organizations in which they explicitly mention the importance of a â€Å"can do attitude† in the applicant. Therefore, it is important to understand why organizations need individuals with a positive attitude. Importance of Attitude The increasing competition within the corporate world has compelled organizations to be extremely dynamic in their approach. The need to adjust according to the demands of the market and customers and for this they need employees who have a positive and flexible nature to adjust immediately to the required changes. The increased number of companies has also not helped the cause for many organizations as it stiffened the competition in the market. In the situation where organizations needs to be extremely innovative in their business approach, require their employees to think out of the box. The creative thinking is o nly possible when an individual is trying to find a solution rather than just filling in the situation. ... ees are an integral part of any success that an organization achieves and hence it important for the companies to have employees who are always thinking of something new and innovative. Attitudes Influencing Organizations Generally Organizations perform their activity in a competitive commercial environment which is permanently changing, which forces them to constantly adapt to new conditions. In an organization, management is performed by people, through people. Essentially, the organizational transformation resides in a holistic approach, emphasizing the human dimension of the company, which simultaneously takes into account the changes for purposes on the whole, the structures, the culture and the strategy of the organization, based on new perceptions, ways of thinking and of behaving. The dynamic nature of the corporate world has increased the importance of evolving organizations. The rapid advancement in technology is also changing the way of business practices around the world. The employees, thus, needs to be extremely positive in their approach to accept these changes in the work environment. The competitive forces in the industries have somehow shortened the length of competitive advantage for the firms, as many other firms would master the art of producing it with some additional features that too in a very short span of time. The example of Smartphone is the perfect elaboration of the above discussion. In this situation, if employees resist changes in the organization, which is brought in it to move forward and compete in the industry, the organization is likely to fall out of the competition (Olatokun, Wole and Olalekan). The approach or attitude of the employees is thus of critical importance. Their attitude shapes the attitude of the organization as the

Foucault and kant Essay Example for Free

Foucault and kant Essay Both Kant and Foucault present a question of what is enlightenment? According to Immanuel Kant enlightenment was mans freedom from his â€Å"self-incurred immaturity†. Kant believes that all that is needed to reach enlightenment is freedom. Enlightenment could not be achieved by any one person, we have to do so as a community. Kant said that we should have the freedom to make public use of our reason in all situations. He also believed that revolution is a great way to remove oppressive government heads but it would not teach the community to think in a different way. Kant says that the matters of religion is the focal point of enlightenment. Thinking and acting freely is mans enlightenment and emerges us from our immaturity. Foucaults text is a reflection upon Kants views on â€Å"What is enlightenment? †. Foucault addresses many of the issues with Kants essay on â€Å"What is Enlightenment? † and says that is written in a world era to which no one belongs to. He says that enlightenment is an â€Å"exit† or a â€Å"way out†. Focault says that we have not yet reached enlightenment and that once we achieve this enlightenment there will be nowhere else to progress to and we will achieve our limit. I agree with Foucault over Kants view on enlightenment. I think as a whole we have not reached our enlightenment and I don’t think we will for a very long time. Although Kant said in order to reach enlightenment we have to do so as a community. We cannot do this because this is something that exceeds our limits as human beings.

Hamlet and The Lion King :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Hamlet and The Lion King Many perceive The Lion King, Disney's most successful movie to date, as Disney's only original movie; the only movie not previously a fairy tale from one country or another. This, however, is not the case. While The Lion King seems not to be beased on a fairy tale, it is in fact strongly based on the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare. Disney writers cleverly conceal the basic character archetypes and simplified storyline in a children's tale of cute lions in Africa. To the seasoned reader, however, Hamlet comes screaming out of the screenplay as obviously as Hamlet performed onstage. The characters in The Lion King closely parallel Hamlet. Simba, the main character in The Lion King, embodies Hamlet, He is the son of the King and rightful heir to the throne. The King of the Pridelands, Mufasa, parallels Hamlet Senior, who is killed by the uncle figure. In The Lion King, the uncle is Scar, and in Hamlet, the uncle figure is Claudius. Laertes, the henchman and right-hand man of Claudius, becomes, in the movie, the Hyenas, Bansai, Shenzi, and Ed. The Hyenas collectively act as hero-worshippers to Scar, loyal subjects, and fellow doers-in-evil. They support Scar completely, just as Laertes supports Claudius. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern are the comic reliefs of Hamlet, and in The Lion King, this role is fulfilled by Timon and Pumbaa, who are a meercat and warthog, respectively. Both sets compliment each other, complete each other's sentences, act as caretakers to Hamlet/Simba, and are comical to the point of being farcical. The role of Horatio, Hamlet's right-hand man, is fulfilled in The Lion King by Nala. Nala concentrates on the aspect that Simba is the rightful King and that it is his responsibility to ascend to the throne. She is his best friend and someone whom he trusts. Just as Horatio loyally follows Hamlet, Nala is completely loyal to Simba. Not only are there ties of friendship, but there is also an element of respect and reverence in both friendships. Horatio and Nala both know that they are friends and loyal followers of the rightful king. In The Lion King, the plot mirrors the plot of Hamlet as well. In the very beginning, Hamlet Senior is poisoned by Claudius, who then ascends to the throne and marries Hamlet's mother Gertrude. Similarly, Mufasa is thrown to his death by Scar, who goes on to become King of the Pridelands and leader of the pack, thus "marrying" Simba's mother, Sarobi.

Ib Bio Experiment on Effect of Substrate Conc on Enzyme Activity

Practical Assessment 2 – The effect of substrate concentration on the rate of enzyme activity of Catalase Aim To investigate the effect of substrate concentration (manipulated by increasing concentration of hydrogen peroxide) on the rate of enzyme activity of catalase, produced by liver cells, on the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Introduction Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the rates of reactions.In an enzyme-catalyzed reaction, the substrate binds to the active site and forms enzyme-substrate complex with the enzyme through the lock and key method (where the lock represents the enzyme and the key represents the substrate). The enzyme then breaks the bonds in the substrate. The product of the reaction then leaves the enzyme, which remains unchanged after the reaction. Without enzymes, many essential processes, such as digestion, would occur too slowly for life to continue.Catalase is an enzyme produced by our liver cells to break down hydrogen peroxide â⠂¬â€œ a common end product of metabolism, but highly toxic to tissues if accumulated in the body – into water and oxygen. The equation of the reaction is as follows: 2 H2O2 O2 + 2 H2O Catalase Catalase In this experiment, we obtain 6% hydrogen peroxide solution from a pharmacy and extract equal concentrations of catalase from liver cells.Filter paper discs are dipped into the catalase solution before they are submerged in hydrogen peroxide solution. The oxygen produced from the enzyme reaction will form on the discs and cause the disc to be buoyant enough to float upwards. We can investigate the effects of substrate concentration on the rate of reaction by catalase by using different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide solution, and measuring the rate of reaction by measuring time taken for the disc to float to the surface when sufficient oxygen is produced. HypothesisThe hypothesis for this experiment is that the rate of reaction will increase with the increase of hydrogen p eroxide concentration, if the other factors of enzyme activity (such as temperature, pH and enzyme concentration) are kept constant. However, the rate of reaction will stop increasing with hydrogen peroxide concentration at a point where the enzyme concentration becomes a limiting factor. At high substrate concentrations, most of the active sites available are occupied since they are saturated with substrate molecules at any given time.Hence, a further increase in substrate concentration will not cause the rate of decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to increase. As such, the expected graph from this experiment is as follows: Graph 1: Expected graph of rate of reaction against concentration of substance Variables Dependent variable: Rate of enzyme activity of catalase in terms of time taken for the disk to float to the surface of the hydrogen peroxide solution when sufficient oxygen is produced. * Once the filter paper disc has reached the bottom of the test tube, the stopwatch is sta rted.The stopwatch is stopped once the disc has reached the surface of the hydrogen peroxide solution. The recorded timing indicates the amount of time taken for the disk to float to the surface of the hydrogen peroxide solution. Independent variable: Concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution. * Add different volumes of water to the different volumes of 6 % hydrogen peroxide solution. Controlled variable(s): 1. Enzyme concentration * We are provided with homogenous liquid liver solution. Hence, the concentration of catalase is constant throughout the liquid liver solution. . Volume of hydrogen peroxide solution * The volume of hydrogen peroxide solution in each test tube is 5cm3. Controlling the volume of hydrogen peroxide solutions ensures that the same amount of hydrogen peroxide molecules (substrates) is available for reaction in the test tube. 3. Size of test tubes * The test tubes used each time must be of the same size, length and volume. This is to ensure that the distance the filter paper disc has to travel (between the bottom of the test tube to the surface) is the same for each time. 4. Filter paper disc The filter paper discs should be of the same diameter and of the same thickness. This is to ensure that the same amount of oxygen gas is required to lift it to the surface each time thereby enabling us to determine the time taken for it to do so. 5. Temperature * Enzyme activity is affected by temperature. The experiment is carried out in room temperature (25  °C), which is assumed to remain constant throughout the duration of the experiment. Apparatus * Digital stop watch, accurate to 0. 01 s * 6 Test tubes (Same size and length) * 6 Test tube holders * Wooden stick * 500 cm3 beaker 6 measuring cylinders Materials * 6 % hydrogen peroxide solution provided by teacher * Homogenous liquid liver solution provided by teacher * 30 Filter paper discs provided by teacher * Distilled water Procedure 1. 0. 75 % hydrogen peroxide solution is prepared by me asuring 3. 00 cm3 of 6 % hydrogen peroxide using a measuring cylinder and then diluting it with 21. 00 cm3 of distilled water. 1. 50 %, 3. 00 %, 4. 50 % and 6. 00 % hydrogen peroxide solutions are prepared using the same method with corresponding volumes of 6 % hydrogen peroxide and water as shown in the table below.Concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution/ %( ± 0. 02)| Volume of 6 % hydrogen peroxide/ cm3( ± 0. 01)| Volume of water added/ cm3( ± 0. 01)| 0. 75%| 3. 00| | | 21. 00| 1. 50%| 6. 00| 18. 00| 3. 00%| 12. 00| 12. 00| 4. 50%| 18. 00| 6. 00| 6. 00%| 24. 00| 0. 00| Table 1: Dilution table for preparing different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide solutions The prepared hydrogen peroxide solutions are poured into test tubes. Each test tube should contain 5 cm3 of the solution. The test tubes with their olutions are placed in the test tube holder, labelled with the concentration of hydrogen peroxide solution that they contain. 2. Obtain homogenous liver liquid from te acher and add 8 cm3 of liver liquid into each petri dish to be used in the experiment. (5 petri dishes) 3. A filter paper disc is soaked with liver liquid in each petri dish. 4. A filter paper disc is removed from petri dish and pushed to the bottom of a test tube with 0. 75 % hydrogen peroxide solution using a wooden stick. 5. The stopwatch is started immediately when the filter paper disc touches the bottom of the test tube. . The stop watch is stopped once the filter paper disc reaches the surface. The time taken for the filter paper disc to float to the surface is recorded. 7. Steps 3 – 6 are repeated a further 5 times, using other new 0. 75 % hydrogen peroxide solutions. 8. The average of the 6 readings for each hydrogen peroxide concentration is calculated and recorded. The rate of reaction is calculated by the following formula: Rate of reaction = 1/Average time taken for filter paper disc to reach the surface of the hydrogen peroxide solution from the bottom 9.Steps 3 -7 are repeated with 1. 50 %, 3. 00 %, 4. 50 % and 6. 00 % hydrogen peroxide solutions 6 times each. Data table | Timing for each run conducted/s| Concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide solution/%| 1| 2| 3| 4| 5| 6| Average timing for each concentration Hydrogen Peroxide solution/s| Rate of reaction for each concentration Hydrogen Peroxide solution/s| 0. 75%| | | | | | | | | 1. 50%| | | | | | | | | 3. 00%| | | | | | | | | 4. 50%| | | | | | | | | 6. 00%| | | | | | | | |

Sociology: Midterm Exam, Explain the Effects of Sociology

Each human is born into differing sets of cultural and sociological circumstances that make each individual differ from one another in various ways. Culture would be classified as the moral standards, knowledge, beliefs, customs, and whatever other habits man can and will create in a society. This â€Å"Culture† affects each individual passively, or unintentionally, but yet very effectively. Corresponding to this would be the society that an individual is born into. Differing cultures create Societies; societies are made up of cultural relations with others of the same and agreeing culture. Cultures are separated out into â€Å"social classes† naturally because of major differences in cultural habits, beliefs, customs, etc. Social classes are differing cultures: cultures that cannot easily coincide. A person might be born into the American culture, usually referred to as â€Å"western culture†, and thus he would be immediately different from those of an â€Å"eastern culture†, say those of Iraq or Iran. The differing cultures are obviously based on the differing base of beliefs, the different customs, habits, moral standards, and much, much more! Then there are sociological differences that we refer to as social class. While there is much of the western culture throughout the world, there are even widely differing cultures within the culture itself. These are what form society and social classes. While there is one culture on the east coast of the United States, you will find that the culture on the west coast is completely separate and distinct. One of the more distinct examples that can be given is of those from the south versus those from elsewhere in the United States. Feature Article –  Sociology Test Because of the culture that children are born into, they are immediately immersed in a society that would demand respect and modesty in everyday living. It can be noted that the cultural standard in the southern United States is made up of higher moral standards than other states. Morals are one of the factors that make a culture differ from another. Just by sheer consequence, this culture creates a society that is considerably higher than those surrounding. In history it can be noted that men from the south tended to be more upper class citizens having those of a differing culture under them as working class individuals. African Americans are from a differing culture, which in turn makes the society that they create clash with the society of other cultures. You will find many different social classes that are together in one culture. For instance, Bill Gates would be part of a social class that some farmer from Iowa would not be able to relate to. Generally there are 4 major social classes. These would be the Upper Class (a small percentage), the Middle Class, the Working Class (constituting of most people), and the Lower Class. As well as any average person from the rural town life would not be of the same social class as the president of the United States. A person can be born into a certain social class, but they can also work to attain a higher social class from the point in which they have begun. For the ease of consideration we will chose someone from rural farm country in either Illinois or Iowa; These people are born to their parents into the working class and or lower class that they are part of. There have been people that have risen from the Lower Class up to the position of President, like our current president Mr. Barak Obama. Through natural means, and providential circumstances he was able to get an education and work his way up through the classes, and after many years of work, sits as the current President. Education is a part of each individual’s social class. One of the major factors that separate the Working Class from the Middle Class is their education. People that have taken the time, money and energy to get an education and secure a degree or certificate in some specific area, are of a higher class and social status than those that are just working to provide for themselves in a workforce where no degree is needed. Culture is similar to Social class in that each individual is born into them without any choice, and that they are passively trained to be part of that class. But, a culture is the influence of certain standards, morals, habits, and such that will influence the person, whereas a society is only made up of relationships and certain goals and objectives. By joining together into a social class, the society can achieve what they would not be able to on an individual basis. The same is true for a culture, but to a lesser degree because there are many more cultures than there are social classes. Another term that can be used to describe culture would be: learned behavior patterns. In conclusion, there are many cultures and many social standards throughout the world that affect every person either in a negative or a positive way. Every individual has the influence of their culture and social class on them, to the point that they make distinctions about whom they will associate with and who they are able to have deep or shallow relationships. These are some of the factors that will limit the amount of people that a person is â€Å"able† to marry. The person under consideration must be of a certain culture, in most cases, as well as be of an equal or greater social class. In my opinion, it is the wide distances between these social classes and foreign cultures that cause the many clashes in civilization, causing war and riots among lower people. If people were able to over-come these Sociological differences, then all men would be able to live more peaceably together.

Рitlers youth Essays

Ð  itlers youth Essays Ð  itlers youth Essay Ð  itlers youth Essay Hitler youth was formed In 1920 by Hitler. One of the main youngster movements and it helped Hitler to grow extremely fast and to grow his power. Hitlers youth was just like a school and it was extremely important and mostly everybody had to attend to it. Hitlers youth did millions of group activities so it could train team work. Boys joined Hitlers youth at the age of 10. Many kids found it very fascinating and they thought of it like It was a lot of fun especially when they got to go out for all of those long walks, even though it damaged their feet. They loved training shooting. All of this was done to practice for the army and to make kids like army from very early age. it made all the boys who joined it very healthy and fit. The Hitler Youth grew from a small group from a handful boys to one of the most important youth groups in Europe. No other group so comprehensively succeeded in their settled point. They were the ones to toughen the young of Germany and to prepare them for war. Actually to make it all work even better they had more than 1 school for boys and the difference was only in ages: one of them was for boys from 10 to 13 years old and it was named Deutsches Jugenvolk, and the other one, Hitler Jugend, was for boys from 13 to 18 years old. Boys have also done team activities like bayonet drill, grenade throwing, trenching digging, outside cooking and reading maps what was extremely useful and trained boys morally and intellectually. By doing all of that, boys were well prepared for the strong army of loyal supporters that would simply help Hitler to achieve his foreign policy aims by obeying all his orders. Of course the girls who joined the Hitlers youth had absolutely different teamwork experience. Girls who were aged form 10 to 14 years old joined Jungmadelbund and girl who were older than 14 years old were transferred to Bund Deutscher Madel. They were training how to be great mothers and housewives. Girls as boys also had to complete the 8 month of farm service called Landjahr. Girls were told they had to make babies and look after their husbands, but they were not allowed to do any hard jobs and to work. Hitler wanted to get the German population to grow to one of the biggest so that he could take the space that Russia owned and so that he could destroy Versailles. Hitlers youth was a strict organisation that controlled the discipline of children and that helped Germany to grow its population. It also taught boys that the most important thing was is loyalty and obedience and that Hitler was the greatest person in this world and that he should be worshiped as God him self. This was another reason to persuade the youth into obeying anything Hitler said and that he was more important then the parents. To accomplish all of that, kids faced a grand deal of propaganda to make them into loyal citizens. Citizens also had compulsory activities to attend to like singing songs, camping were created to straighten Nationalism and to warship Hitler and the Nazis.

Definition and Examples of Heuristics in Composition

Definition and Examples of Heuristics in Composition In rhetoric and composition studies, a heuristic is a strategy or set of strategies for exploring topics, constructing arguments, and discovering solutions to problems. Common discovery strategies include freewriting, listing, probing, brainstorming, clustering, and outlining. Other methods of discovery include research, the journalists questions, the interview, and the pentad. In Latin, the equivalent of heuristic is inventio, the first of the five canons of rhetoric. Etymology:Â  From the Greek, to find out. Examples and Observations [T]he heuristic function of discourse is that of discovery, whether of facts, insights, or even of self-awareness. The heuristic function of discourse is essential to the inventive processes, that is the ability to discover the means of expressing our thoughts and sentiments effectively to others.(James A. Herrick, The History and Theory of Rhetoric: An Introduction, 3rd ed. Pearson, 2005)A heuristic is a set of discovery procedures for systematic application or a set of topics for systematic consideration. Unlike the procedures in a set of instructions, the procedures of a heuristic do not need to be followed in any particular order, and there is no guarantee that using it will result in a single definitive explanation. A good heuristic draws on multiple theories rather than just one.(Christopher Eisenhart and Barbara Johnstone, Discourse Analysis and Rhetorical Studies. Rhetoric in Detail: Discourse Analyses of Rhetorical Talk and Text, ed. by B. Johnstone and C. Eisenhart. John Be njamins, 2008) Reconsideration of Aristotles notion of heuristic reveals both another dimension of classical invention and an important feature of Aristotles Rhetoric. Heuristic is not only an instrument for inventing techniques to articulate to others but is also a techne enabling the rhetor and audience to cocreate meaning.(Richard Leo Enos and Janice M. Lauer, The Meaning of Heuristic in Aristotles Rhetoric and Its Implications for Contemporary Rhetorical Theory. Landmark Essays on Aristotelian Rhetoric, ed. by Richard Leo Enos and Lois Peters Agnew. Lawrence Erlbaum, 1998) Teaching Heuristics [I]nstruction in heuristic strategies has been controversial. . . . Some have feared that heuristics will turn into rules or formulas, thereby overdetermining or mechanizing the rhetorical process. This danger was realized at times in rhetorical history when the arts of discourse were taught as inflexible steps for carrying out rhetorical acts rather than as arbitrary but effective guides. Another controversy has stemmed from false expectations about the efficacy of teaching heuristics as a panacea for all rhetorical problems. But they do not supply motivation or subject knowledge but rather depend upon them. Nor do they remedy grammatical problems or provide genre knowledge or syntactic fluency. Advocates of heuristics see them as part of a larger repertoire of rhetorical resources and argue that teaching heuristics shares with students insider knowledge of discourse strategies that can empower them in genuine, compelling rhetorical situations.(Janice M. Lauer, Heuristics. Encyclope dia of Rhetoric and Composition: Communication From Ancient Times to the Information Age, ed. by Theresa Enos. Routledge, 1996) Heuristic Procedures and Generative Rhetoric [H]euristic procedures can guide inquiry and stimulate memory and intuition. The imaginative act is not absolutely beyond the writers control; it can be nourished and encouraged.These generalizations about heuristics and the technical theory of art become clearer if we recall Francis Christensens generative rhetoric of the sentence, a technique that uses form to produce ideas. After a close examination of the practice of modern writers who have a knack for good proseHemingway, Steinbeck, Faulkner, and othersChristensen identified four principles operating in the production of what he called cumulative sentences. . . .Heuristic procedures enable the writer to bring principles such as these to bear in composing by translating them into questions or operations to be performed. If we were to invent a procedure based on these principles, it might look something like this: study what is being observed, write a base clause about it, and then try piling up at the end of the clause analogies, details, and qualities that serve to refine the original observation.(Richard E. Young, Concepts of Art and the Teaching of Writing. Landmark Essays on Rhetorical Invention in Writing, ed. by Richard E. Young and Yameng Liu. Hermagoras Press, 1994)

M5C Obstacles and Pitfalls to Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

M5C Obstacles and Pitfalls to Success - Essay Example More emphasis is put in the endeavor to attain and maintain a considerable health plan which is being inhibited by the massive heath costs and invariably rising insurance costs. Insurance costs are increasing at an alarming rate with many medical insurance pundits alleging that the high risks in the current heath status of many individuals are the contributing factor (Pauly, MacGuire & Barros, 2011). Several factors have been continuously discussed on their influence to the obstacles, pitfalls and barriers of a good health care. Significantly the status of the economy has a haphazard impact on the costs of insurance and the heath care in general. A conducive and better performing economy where virtually all levels of income to the citizens are high and the costs of living low will enhance the affordability of a successful health plan (Pauly, MacGuire & Barros, 2011). Moreover, inflation, continuously poses a big threat to the insurance and health costs. These prices are soaring high and high with the rise in inflation rates an indication of a poorly performing economy. A successful health plan needs stable and steady economic conditions which will allow the concerned parties to attain their esteemed goal (Pauly, MacGuire & Barros, 2011). As noted earlier the levels of income play a big hand in the accomplishment of a successful health plan. Evidently, this influence is demonstrated in the instance of increased propensity to save which enhances the availability of more funds to secure health services when one is rendered less productive or retires. In addition, high income illustrates a better level to afford insurance costs which with the increasing health risks, diseases and infections are continuously rising (Inhurst, 2009). Unemployment rates are another key factor influencing on the costs of health care. With high population being unemployment and rising dependency levels many insurance providers are finding it inevitable to raise their costs

Geico Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Geico - Case Study Example Such, each company must strive not only to attract talent, but also to retain them as well through a total rewards program. Traditionally, rewarding employees has been equated with pay. Today, it is no longer applicable and â€Å"the definition of rewards encompasses the overall value proposition that the employer offers to the employee. It’s a total package that includes compensation (comprising of base pay, short-term incentives and long-term incentives), benefits (including health, retirement and work/life benefits, which account for an increasing portion of the rewards package) and careers (including training and development, lateral moves,stretch assignments and career incentives)† (Morris, nd, pg 6). In the case of Geico (2012), it employed a six facet item as part of its Total Rewards program which include Health and Well-being, Building and Securing Your Financial Future, Time Off and Leave Programs, Family and Life Programs, Education and Development and Amenit ies and Perks. Many aspect of Geico’s total rewards are consistent or aligned with the lectures in the Chapter 2 of our textbook which are as follows; 1. Increased Flexibility Geico’s reward program is not only tied up with pay. ... This provides Geico greater latitude to address the needs of its employees that would not keep them but also to make them highly motivated to perform. 2. Improved?recruitment and?retention The range of Geiko’s total reward program is indicative that the company really intends to retain its employees. More especially is the emphasis on family and life programs which very few companies offer as part of its compensation package. This component of Geiko’s total reward program would also be very attractive if not hard to resist among prospective employees who values work-life balance (Guld, 2007). It would also serve as a retention tool among its employees who have families to attend. For Geiko’s part, it would retain its best talent and attract the best talent in the market because of its attractive total rewards program. 3. Reduced Labor Costs/Cost of Turnover Having a flexible reward system designed to retain its employees will have an effect on Geiko’s bott om line in terms of minimal attrition rate, reduced labor cost and low or no cost for turnovers. Opportunity costs associated with labor turnover such as the low learning curve of a new recruit, higher inefficiency and disrupted work will also be avoided. 4. Heightened Visibility in a Tight Labor market One of the big advantages of having a responsive reward program is that employees would not only stay longer in the company but are also motivated to perform. Highly motivated employees performance would resonate to the labor market that a particular company, such as Geiko is a good place to work thus becoming Geiko as a preferred place of work among the best talents in the labor market. 5. Enhanced Profitability All of the